Some of the frequently asked questions are listed below.
All buses that are analyzed require either an upstream trip device with all the necessary information entered, or arcing duration specified in the Bus Data dialog box. The program can determine arcing duration based on the time-current characteristics (TCC) of the trip device. The TCC can be determined only if all the necessary information has been entered in the trip device dialog box. For more information on protective data, see Coordination with PowerProtector™.
Checklist for trip device data:
HV Fuses: Manufacturer > Type > Style > Model > Fuse Size.
LV Fuses: Manufacturer > Type > Style > Fuse Size.
Thermal Magnetic LV Breakers: Manufacturer > Type > Style > Frame > Trip Amps > Instantaneous Setting (if applicable).
Solid State Trip LV Breakers: Manufacturer > Type > Style for breaker. AND for solid state trip Manufacturer > Type > Style > Frame/Sensor > Tap/Plug > LTPU > LT Delay > STPU > ST Delay > Inst Pickup for Phase Trip.
Relays: Manufacturer > Type > Device Function > Tap > Time Dial > Inst Pickup > Inst. Delay (whatever is applicable) for phase.
Note: Ground trips are ignored for arc flash when the 3-phase fault type is selected.
There are two ways this can happen:
LV Bus |
MV Bus |
---|---|
INST |
50 |
ST-MIN |
51-MIN |
ST-INT |
51-INT |
ST-MAX |
51-MAX |
This is very typical when upstream trip device has inverse time characteristics. The lower fault currents at downstream buses cause longer trip times. Longer arc duration causes higher hazard level.
Check to see if the protective devices are well coordinated. You can plot the TCC for both devices. Any overlap indicates miscoordination, which is not uncommon.
EasyPower selects the fastest tripping device for series path. For parallel paths, the slowest tripping device is selected for conservative results.
Figure 1: Similar Buses with Different Results
This can be due to differences in grounding. The Arc Flash Hazard Report above shows that BUS-4 is solidly grounded. Notice the “X” in the column Gnd. As per IEEE 1584-2002 equations, resistance grounded/ungrounded systems have higher incident energy than similar but solidly grounded systems. For details, see Determination of System Grounding.
Arc Flash Hazard Analysis |