Excitation System Models

Simple Excitation System

Figure 1: Simple Exciter Model Block Diagram

Parameters

Parameter

Units

Description

TA

Seconds

AVR Lead Time Constant

TB

Seconds

AVR Lag Time Constant

TE

Seconds

Exciter Time Constant

K

pu

Exciter Gain

EMin

pu

Exciter Min Limit

EMax

pu

Exciter Max Limit

IEEE Type 1

Figure 2: IEEE Type 1 Model Block Diagram

Parameters

Parameter

Units

 Description

TR

Seconds

Transducer time constant

TA

Seconds

AVR time constant

TE

Seconds

Exciter time constant

TF

Seconds

Field voltage feedback time constant

KA

pu

AVR gain

KE

pu

Exciter KE

KF

pu

Field voltage feedback gain

VR Max

pu

AVR limit max

VR Min

pu

AVR limit min

E1

pu

Saturation voltage point 1

E2

pu

Saturation voltage point 2

S( E1 )

pu

Saturation at E1

S( E2 )

pu

Saturation at E2

IEEE Type 2

Figure 3: IEEE Type 2 Model Block Diagram

Parameters

Parameter

Units

 Description

TR

Seconds

Transducer time constant

TA

Seconds

AVR time constant

TE

Seconds

Exciter time constant

TF1

Seconds

Field voltage feedback time constant 1

TF2

Seconds

Field voltage feedback time constant 2

KA

pu

AVR gain

KE

pu

Exciter KE

KF

pu

Field voltage feedback gain

VR Max

pu

AVR limit max

VR Min

pu

AVR limit min

E1

pu

Saturation voltage point 1

E2

pu

Saturation voltage point 2

S( E1 )

pu

Saturation at E1

S( E2 )

pu

Saturation at E2

Brushless Type AC1A

Figure 4: IEEE Type AC1A Model Block Diagram

Parameters

Parameter

Units

Description

TR

Seconds

Sensor time constant

TA

Seconds

Main AVR time constant

TB

Seconds

Second block AVR lag time constant

TC

Seconds

Second block AVR lead time constant

TE

Seconds

Exciter time constant

TF

Seconds

Feedback lag time constant

KA

pu

First block main AVR gain

KC

pu

Exciter KC – Field current feedback

KD

pu

Exciter KD – Field current feedback

KE

pu

Exciter KE

KF

pu

Feedback gain

VAMax

pu

AVR control max

VAMin

pu

AVR control min

VRMax

pu

Regulator max - Amplifier

VRMin

pu

Regulator min - Amplifier

E1

pu

Saturation voltage point 1

E2

pu

Saturation voltage point 2

S(E1)

pu

Saturation at E1

S(E2)

pu

Saturation at E2

VUEL

pu

Fixed Under Excitation Limit

VOEL

pu

Fixed Over Excitation Limit

Brushless Type AC6A

Figure 5: IEEE Type AC6A Model Block Diagram

Parameters

Parameter

Units

Description

TR

Seconds

Sensor time constant

TK

Seconds

First block lead time constant

TA

Seconds

First block lag time constant

TB

Seconds

Second block lag time constant

TC

Seconds

Second block lead time constant

TE

Seconds

Exciter time constant

TJ

Seconds

Feedback lead time constant

TH

Seconds

Feedback lag time constant

KA

pu

First block gain

KC

pu

Exciter KC – Field current feedback

KD

pu

Exciter KD – Field current feedback

KE

pu

Exciter KE

KH

pu

Feedback gain

VFELim

pu

VFE limit value

VHMax

pu

Feedback max

VAMax

pu

AVR control max

VAMin

pu

AVR control min

VRMax

pu

Regulator max - Amplifier

VRMin

pu

Regulator min - Amplifier

E1

pu

Saturation voltage point 1

E2

pu

Saturation voltage point 2

S(E1)

pu

Saturation at E1

S(E2)

pu

Saturation at E2

Brushless Type AC8B

Figure 6: IEEE Type AC8B Model Block Diagram

Parameters

Parameter

Units

Description

TR

Seconds

Transducer time constant

TA

Seconds

Main AVR time constant

TE

Seconds

Exciter time constant

TDR

Seconds

Differential time constant for PID control

KPR

pu

Proportional gain for PID control

KIR

pu

Integral gain for PID control

KDR

pu

Differential gain for PID control

KA

pu

Main AVR time constant

KC

pu

Exciter KC – Field current feedback

KD

pu

Exciter KD – Field current feedback

KE

pu

Exciter KE

VR Max

pu

Regulator max - Amplifier

VR Min

pu

Regulator min - Amplifier

VE Max

pu

Exciter max

VE Min

pu

Exciter min

E1

pu

Saturation voltage point 1

E2

pu

Saturation voltage point 2

S(E1)

pu

Saturation at E1

S(E2)

pu

Saturation at E2

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